In international trade, if the goods are determined to be exported, you can hand over the relevant matters of freight to the freight forwarder, and first of all, you must understand several common methods of international freight transactions.
1. FOB ship price
Generally speaking, foreign customers have designated freight forwarders, and only need the shipper to arrange the trailer and customs declaration at the port of departure. There are also EXW factory price direct delivery in the factory or customer designated place delivery trailer customs clearance are arranged by the customer, the customer takes the goods themselves, the factory delivery is OK.
2, CIF cost plus insurance, freight
The popular point of understanding is that the door to the port (including the port of shipment trailer + customs clearance + sea freight) is now generally said to be without insurance, customers require to buy insurance according to the value of the goods, you can also use the term CIP only CIF is generally only used in sea transport, CIP is applicable to various modes of transport including multimodal transport, such as air transport.
3, DDU double clearance delivery duty unpaid
DDP is double clearance delivery after tax (including tax) popular understanding is door to door, often said double clearance one-stop including port of departure trailer + customs clearance + shipping + port of destination customs clearance, need not delivery to the door mainly depends on the needs of customers need to note that DDP must provide the value of the goods because the tax should be based on the value of the goods.
Therefore, when making an inquiry to the forwarder, it is best to explain FOB/CIF/DDU/DDP, etc. If FOB, you need to provide: goods name/container type/quantity/weight/loading address/port of departure/bill or document. Of course, it may also be bulk cargo, do not provide container type only need to provide quantity: several sides.
The difference between paying customs declaration and document customs declaration
Only enterprises/factories with export rights have documents, and document customs declaration needs to provide a complete set of customs declaration information to freight forwarders/customs brokers. The state incentivises exports and rebates enterprises with export rights. Therefore, the enterprises that file customs declarations can mainly apply for tax rebates. The specific amount of the refund depends on the corresponding national policies of the goods.
Paying customs declaration refers to enterprises without export rights, with the help of others' documents for customs declaration, so paying customs declaration does not need to provide documents, of course, and does not enjoy the right to tax refund.
CIF needs to provide:
The name of the goods/container type/quantity/weight/loading address/port of shipment/bill or document, as well as the destination port DDU/DDP need to provide the value of the goods/destination detailed address/consignee information based on the CIF information according to the specific requirements of the customer.
When the freight forwarder receives the above information, it will give the consignor (customer) the quotation to confirm the quotation and then accept the order. Generally, the customer needs to provide: packing list/Shipping list to the customer to fill in the information and confirm the customer (including packing list information/shipping date, etc.)
Take CIF as an example:
Freight forwarder to the shipping company booking arrangement trailer (indicating the container number, license plate number, driver and contact phone number) and other shipping company issued SO (booking list/packing list)
The suitcase bill to the trailer driver, the driver takes the suitcase bill to the yard to make a bill, after the bill, will get a "equipment delivery bill" (in a multi-copy) and a lead seal driver takes the information to the designated yard to lift the empty container, and then to the factory to load the container, after the factory is loaded, the box is sealed with lead seal (generally will take photos of evidence) and then pull the sealed container back to the dock.
The difference between transaction method and customs declaration in trade
After the container arrives at the yard, the yard will deliver the container according to the pre-arranged manifest provided by the freight forwarder. With the "pre-arranged manifest" and "arrival information", the customs broker can declare the goods. Usually, it is best to leave two days for the customs declaration (before the ship stops customs). After customs clearance, the shipping company issues the bill of lading according to the cargo carrier, and the settlement fee is roughly the process, and other matters are determined according to the specific situation. With the bill of lading/invoice/packing list and other information, customers can pick up the container and clear the customs after the goods arrive at the port.
